Publications

 Metformin lotion promotes scarless skin tissue formation through AMPK activation,  TGF-β1 inhibition, and reduced myofibroblast numbers. 

Zhang J, Shimozaki K, Hattori S, Pastukh V, Maloney D, Hogan MV, Wang JH. PLoS One. 2024 Sep 27;19(9):e0311147. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311147. eCollection 2024. PMID: 39331598  

Metformin lotion as a novel approach to prevent tendinopathy induced by mechanical overuse. 

Zhang J, Maloney D, Pastukh V, Hattori S, Hogan MV, Wang JH. Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 26;15(1):31474. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16279-9. PMID: 40858887

 Mitigating Scar Tissue Formation in Tendon Injuries: Targeting HMGB1, AMPK Activation, and Myofibroblast Migration All at Once.  

Zhang J, Brown R, Hogan MV, Wang JH. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Dec 17;16(12):1739. doi: 10.3390/ph16121739. PMID: 38139865  

Metformin  improves tendon degeneration by blocking translocation of HMGB1 and  suppressing tendon inflammation and senescence in aging mice.

Zhang J, Brown R, Hogan MV, Onishi K, Wang JH. J Orthop Res. 2023 Jun;41(6):1162-1176. doi: 10.1002/jor.25470. Epub 2022 Nov 7. PMID: 36262012